Za instaliranje dodatnih značajki koristite Windows PowerShell

Microsoft Windows isporučuje se s nizom takozvanih neobaveznih značajki koje korisnici mogu omogućiti ili onemogućiti pomoću alata upravljačke ploče "uključivanje i isključivanje Windows značajki".

To većinom dobro funkcionira, ali zahtijeva otvaranje upravljačke ploče u operativnom sustavu osim ako direktno ne učitate prozor Značajke upišite neobavezne značajke u programu Start.

Iako je to dovoljno većinu vremena, administratori mogu koristiti PowerShell kao i za upravljanje opcijskim značajkama operacijskog sustava Windows.

Sljedeći vodič nudi vam pregled kako to funkcionira u sustavu Windows 10. Imajte na umu da ovo možda neće raditi na prethodnim verzijama sustava Windows, kao što je Windows 7.

Windows PowerShell: instalirajte dodatne značajke

Trebate vam povišeni PowerShell za sljedeće naredbe. Dodirnite tipku Windows, utipkajte shell, držite tipku Ctrl i tipku Shift i dodirnite tipku Enter da biste otvorili PowerShell prompt s administrativnim povlasticama.

Navedi sve neobavezne značajke i njihov status

Prvo što biste možda željeli učiniti, barem kad ste novi u korištenju naredbe, jest prikazati popis značajki koje su dostupne.

Pokrenite get-windowsotionalfeature -online za popis svih dostupnih naziva značajki i njihovih stanja na računalnom sustavu. Stanje je ili omogućeno ili onemogućeno.

Napomena: parametar-line znači da se radnje izvode na trenutnom uređaju.

Iako je dovoljno lako prepoznati neke značajke prema imenu značajke, nije lako za sve njih.

Sljedeći je popis iz Windows 10 Pro verzije 1809

FeatureName: Printing-PrintToPDFServices-značajke
FeatureName: Windows-Defender-Default-Definitions
FeatureName: Printing-XPSServices-značajke
FeatureName: SearchEngine-klijent-paket
FeatureName: MSRDC-infrastruktura
FeatureName: TelnetClient
FeatureName: TFTP
FeatureName: TIFFIFilter
FeatureName: WorkFolders-klijent
FeatureName: LegacyComponents
FeatureName: DirectPlay
FeatureName: Printing-Foundation-Značajke
FeatureName: FaxServicesClientPackage
FeatureName: Printing-Foundation-InternetPrinting-Client
FeatureName: Printing-Foundation-LPDPrintService
FeatureName: Printing-Foundation-LPRPortMonitor
FeatureName: SimpleTCP
FeatureName: MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellV2Root
FeatureName: MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellV2
FeatureName: Windows-Identity-Foundation
FeatureName: Microsoft-Windows-podsustav-Linux
FeatureName: HypervisorPlatform
FeatureName: VirtualMachinePlatform
FeatureName: Klijent-ProjFS
FeatureName: NetFx4-AdvSrvs
FeatureName: NetFx4Extended-ASPNET45
FeatureName: IIS-WebServerRole
FeatureName: IIS-WebServer
FeatureName: IIS-CommonHttpFeatures
FeatureName: IIS-HttpErrors
FeatureName: IIS-HttpRedirect
FeatureName: IIS-ApplicationDevelopment
FeatureName: IIS-NetFxExtensibility
FeatureName: IIS-NetFxExtensibility45
FeatureName: IIS-HealthAndDiagnostics
FeatureName: IIS-HttpLogging
FeatureName: IIS-LoggingLibraries
FeatureName: IIS-RequestMonitor
FeatureName: IIS-HttpTracing
FeatureName: IIS-sigurnost
FeatureName: IIS-URLAutorizacija
FeatureName: IIS-RequestFiltering
FeatureName: IIS-IPSsigurnost
FeatureName: IIS-izvedba
FeatureName: IIS-HttpCompressionDynamic
FeatureName: IIS-WebServerManagementTools
FeatureName: IIS-ManagementScriptingTools
FeatureName: IIS-IIS6ManagementCompatibility
FeatureName: IIS-Metabase
FeatureName: WAS-WindowsActivationService
FeatureName: WAS-ProcessModel
FeatureName: WAS-NetFxEnvironment
FeatureName: WAS-konfiguracijaAPI
FeatureName: IIS-HostableWebCore
FeatureName: IIS-StaticContent
FeatureName: IIS-DefaultDocument
FeatureName: IIS-DirectoryBrowsing
FeatureName: IIS-WebDAV
FeatureName: IIS-WebSockets
FeatureName: IIS-ApplicationInit
FeatureName: IIS-ASPNET
FeatureName: IIS-ASPNET45
FeatureName: IIS-ASP
Naziv značajke: IIS-CGI
FeatureName: IIS-ISAPIExtensions
FeatureName: IIS-ISAPIFilter
FeatureName: IIS-ServerSideIncludes
FeatureName: IIS-CustomLogging
FeatureName: IIS-BasicAuthentication
FeatureName: IIS-HttpCompressionStatic
FeatureName: IIS-ManagementConsole
FeatureName: IIS-ManagementService
FeatureName: IIS-WMICkompatibilnost
FeatureName: IIS-LegacyScripts
FeatureName: IIS-LegacySnapIn
FeatureName: IIS-FTPServer
FeatureName: IIS-FTPSvc
FeatureName: IIS-FTPExtensibility
Naziv značajke: WCF-Services45
FeatureName: WCF-HTTP-Activation45
Naziv značajke: WCF-TCP-Aktivacija45
Naziv značajke: WCF-aktivacija cijevi45
FeatureName: WCF-MSMQ-Activation45
FeatureName: WCF-TCP-PortSharing45
FeatureName: MSMQ-Container
FeatureName: MSMQ Server
FeatureName: MSMQ-Triggers
FeatureName: MSMQ-ADIintegration
FeatureName: MSMQ-HTTP
FeatureName: MSMQ-Multicast
FeatureName: MSMQ-DCOMProxy
FeatureName: WCF-HTTP-Aktivacija
FeatureName: WCF-NonHTTP-Aktivacija
FeatureName: IIS-CertProvider
FeatureName: IIS-WindowsAuthentication
FeatureName: IIS-DigestAuthentication
FeatureName: IIS-ClientCertificateMappingAuthentication
FeatureName: IIS-IISCertificateMappingAuthentication
FeatureName: IIS-ODBCLogging
FeatureName: NetFx3
Naziv svojstva: SMB1Protocol
FeatureName: SMB1Protocol-klijent
FeatureName: SMB1Protocol-Server
FeatureName: SMB1Protocol-Deprecation
FeatureName: MediaPlayback
FeatureName: WindowsMediaPlayer
FeatureName: Microsoft-Windows-NetFx3-OC-paket
FeatureName: Microsoft-Windows-NetFx4-US-OC-paket
FeatureName: Microsoft-Windows-Client-EmbeddedExp-paket
FeatureName: Microsoft-Windows-NetFx3-WCF-OC-paket
FeatureName: Microsoft-Windows-NetFx4-WCF-US-OC-paket
FeatureName: Containers-DisposableClientVM
FeatureName: Microsoft-Hyper-V-All
FeatureName: Microsoft-Hyper-V
FeatureName: Microsoft-Hyper-V-Alati-Svi
FeatureName: Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-PowerShell
FeatureName: Microsoft-Hyper-V-Hypervisor
FeatureName: Microsoft-Hyper-V-usluge
FeatureName: Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-klijenti
FeatureName: HostGuardian
FeatureName: Klijent-DeviceLockdown
FeatureName: Client-EmbeddedShellLauncher
FeatureName: Client-EmbeddedBootExp
FeatureName: Client-EmbeddedLogon
FeatureName: Klijent-KeyboardFilter
FeatureName: Client-UnifiedWriteFilter
FeatureName: DataCenterBridging
FeatureName: DirectoryServices-ADAM-klijent
FeatureName: Windows-Defender-ApplicationGuard
FeatureName: ServicesForNFS-ClientOnly
FeatureName: ClientForNFS-infrastruktura
FeatureName: NFS-uprava
FeatureName: Kontejneri
FeatureName: SmbDirect
FeatureName: MultiPoint-Connector
FeatureName: MultiPoint-Connector-Services
FeatureName: MultiPoint-Alati
FeatureName: AppServerClient
FeatureName: Internet-Explorer-Opcionalno-amd64

Prikaz informacija o značajkama

Možete upotrebljavati parametar -featurename Example za prikaz detaljnih informacija o značajki koja vas zanima.

Na primjer naredba get-windowsotionalfeature -online -featurename NetFx 3 otkriva da se na ovaj sistem instalira .Net Framework 3.5. Postoji i internetska veza pod uvjetom da možete kliknuti i potražiti dodatne informacije na mreži.

Omogući ili onemogući neobaveznu značajku

Možete koristiti naredbe PowerShell da biste omogućili ili onemogućili dodatne značajke na Windows 10 stroju.

Za to se koriste naredbe Enable-WindowsOtionalFeature -FeatureName i Disable-WindowsOtionalFeature -FeatureName.

Da biste dobili dva primjera kako biste pokazali kako to funkcionira:

Omogući-WindowsOtionalFeature -Online -FeatureName "NetFx3" -Sve - Ova naredba instalira Net Framework 3.5 na računalo na kojem se pokreće.
Onemogući-WindowsOtionalFeature -Online -FeatureName "NetFx3" - Ova naredba ponovno onemogućuje značajku.

Parametar -All Windows također zahtijeva da instalira sve ovisnosti. Dakle, ako je za instaliranje odabrane značajke potrebna roditeljska značajka, ona će se također instalirati. Napomena: Onemogući ne podržava parametar -All.